Before, during, and after pregnancy are all equally crucial for the baby’s development and the mother’s recovery. Hence, it is important to know the proper nursing care plan for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy as these are indicators of pregnancy.
Knowing the proper nursing care plan for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy does not only ensure safety but also guarantees a smooth emotional, mental, physical, and spiritual development as a woman goes through her nine months of labor.
This article aims to give the overall nursing care plan for a pregnant woman in the point of view of those who may take care of her. Being aware of the proper nursing care plan for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy also allows the patient to determine whether she is or is not being taken care of properly.
Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan for Pregnancy
When an egg (ovum) that has been fertilized grows into a fetus inside a woman’s uterus, pregnancy occurs. Pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks when starting from the first day of the last menstrual cycle. By that time, the body has undergone incredible changes to get ready for birth.
During pregnancy, there are three trimesters:
- Week 1 through week 12 of the first trimester
- Week 13 through week 26 of the second trimester
- Week 27 of the third trimester through the last week of pregnancy
The three stages of fetal development and growth are as follows:
- Embryonic stage before (first 2 weeks, beginning with fertilization)
- Embryonic (weeks 3 through 8) (weeks 3 through 8)
- Fetal (from week 8 through delivery) (from week 8 through birth)
The placenta and membranes serve as the fetus’s organs while it is inside the uterus, providing it with protection, oxygen, and nourishment while it develops.
Pregnancy causes substantial psychological and physical changes in a woman’s life. Blood volume, cardiac output, and heart rate all rise as a woman’s body adjusts to the growth of a developing fetus. The woman’s respiratory rate may increase along with her oxygen demand, and breathlessness spells are possible. Progesterone and estrogen levels rise. Internal abdominal organs are displaced when the uterus grows larger. Breasts enlarge and become softer. In order to prepare for labor and delivery, pelvic ligaments relax.
Pregnancy symptoms differ from woman to woman and from one pregnancy to the next. There are three categories for signs and symptoms:
- Presumptive (subjective symptoms) (subjective symptoms)
- Probable (objective signs) (objective signs)
- Positive (documented signs) (documented signs)
- Although reliable, presumptive and likely symptoms and indicators still need to be confirmed. Positive indicators attest to the pregnancy.
Pregnancy-friendly indicators include:
- a fetal heartbeat that differs from the mother’s
- fetal movement is present
- Fetus ultrasound imaging during development
The Nursing Process
A safe birth depends on the care given to the mother and fetus. Risks associated with physiologic and psychological alterations should be evaluated. By gathering information about the mother and doing routine prenatal examinations, the nurse assesses these changes.
Prenatal education is a crucial part of prenatal treatment. Pregnancy necessitates significant dietary, physical activity, and lifestyle adjustments. The likelihood that the mother will adhere to the care plan increases with her level of knowledge.
The nurse offers help to the mother, infant, and any associated support people. The nurse watches for difficulties, provides information, shows empathy, and fights for the patient’s health and safety from the first prenatal visit through labor and delivery and beyond.
Pregnancy-related nursing care plans
Risk of Imbalanced Nutrition: Care Plan Below Body Requirements
Nutritional risk: A bad diet and a lack of critical nutrients during pregnancy can result in less than the body needs connected with pregnancy. If it is not prevented, it can lead to low birth weight in the baby as well as developmental issues for the fetus and anemia, preeclampsia, hemorrhage, and mortality in the mother.
connected to:
- A shift in one’s palate (dysgeusia)
- dental issues
- Having no appetite
- insufficient intake
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- greater difficulty in satisfying metabolic demands
- increased thyroid activity in connection with fetal growth
- Medications
- inadequate financial means
- lack of understanding about nutrition
Assessment of the risk of nutritional imbalance: intake below body requirements
1. Identify the patient’s nutritional imbalance risk factors.
Pregnant women who are more prone to experience negative health outcomes are identified through a nutritional risk assessment. Low socioeconomic position, poor health literacy, or comorbidities are risk factors. This enables medical providers to provide prenatal care that is risk-appropriate.
2. Examine the patient’s daily dietary intake.
Negative pregnancy outcomes have been linked to poor food habits. Pregnancy issues are less likely when a woman practices healthy dietary habits during her pregnancy.
3. Track your weight.
Pregnancies are healthier for women who gain the right amount of weight during pregnancy. Prenatally advised nutrients support fetal growth and development. A woman should put on between 25 and 35 pounds when pregnant.
4. Look for indications of malnutrition.
Fetal growth is impacted by dietary consumption. Malnutrition is associated with a higher risk of stillbirths, low birth weights, and tiny for gestational age newborns.
Pregnancy malnutrition can cause the following signs and symptoms:
- fatigue
- anemia
- low weight for pregnancy
- dizziness
- elevated blood pressure
- hair fall
- arid skin
- dental issues
- lowered defenses
5. Determine the patient’s degree of activity.
The patient’s dietary needs are influenced by activity levels. When making diet plans, take the patient’s activity level into account along with the calorie intake.
Proper Nursing and Care Plan
1. Identify the patient’s level of expertise.
The nurse must first determine the patient’s degree of awareness regarding pregnancy expectations before they can tailor their health education. The nurse can then create instructions that are suitable.
2. Determine the patient’s preparedness, capacity, and learning challenges.
The patient’s readiness, capacity, and impediments to receiving health education must all be evaluated by the nurse. Make sure the patient is engaged in learning and is both mentally and emotionally prepared.
3. Check for cultural prejudices and myths regarding pregnancy.
Understanding of pregnancy by the patient may be impacted by cultural beliefs. To filter the information and distinguish between facts and myths, the nurse must recognize cultural norms and beliefs. The nurse must prioritize correct information while simultaneously remaining impartial.
Conclusion
Every pregnancy is unique, and every mother has distinct expectations for birth. A birthing plan needs to be flexible, but assisting the mother in identifying her expectations will reduce worry and promote readiness. Everybody learns in a unique way. Teenage mothers might need information that is easier to understand or that is available in videos. Written leaflets or booklets should be used to supplement verbal instructions. It can take time to keep up with prenatal treatment and follow-up appointments. Give praise when health objectives are met or complications are avoided.
